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Embryonic stem (ES) cells
An embryonic cell that can replicate indefinitely, transform into other types of cells, and serve as a continuous source of new cells.
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material) present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants
Mitosis
The process of nuclear division in cells that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.
Deletion.
A loss of part of the DNA from a chromosome; can lead to a disease or abnormality.
Genetic illness
Sickness, physical disability, or other disorder resulting from the inheritance of one or more deleterious alleles.
Syndrome
The group or recognizable pattern of symptoms or abnormalities that indicate a particular trait or disease.
Pedigree
A family tree diagram that shows how a particular genetic trait or disease has been inherited.
Phenotype
The physical characteristics of an organism or the presence of a disease that may or may not be genetic.
Risk communication
In genetics, a process in which a genetic counselor or other medical professional interprets genetic test results and advises patients of the consequences for them and their offspring.
Gene
The fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located in a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional product
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